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### What is Energy? Energy is a fundamental quantity in physics that allows objects to perform work or cause changes. <svg width="200" height="100"> <rect x="10" y="20" width="180" height="60" fill="#8ecae6" stroke="#219ebc" stroke-width="3" rx="10" ry="10" /> <text x="100" y="55" font-size="18" text-anchor="middle" fill="#023047">Energy</text> </svg>
### Forms of Energy - **Kinetic Energy**: Energy due to motion - **Potential Energy**: Energy stored due to position <svg width="300" height="150"> <!-- Ball at height: Potential energy --> <circle cx="80" cy="60" r="20" fill="#fb8500" /> <line x1="80" y1="80" x2="80" y2="120" stroke="#023047" stroke-width="2" /> <text x="80" y="45" text-anchor="middle" fill="#023047" font-size="14">Potential Energy</text> <!-- Ball moving: Kinetic energy --> <circle cx="220" cy="110" r="20" fill="#219ebc" /> <line x1="200" y1="110" x2="240" y2="110" stroke="#023047" stroke-width="2" marker-end="url(#arrow)" /> <text x="220" y="135" text-anchor="middle" fill="#023047" font-size="14">Kinetic Energy</text> <defs> <marker id="arrow" markerWidth="10" markerHeight="10" refX="5" refY="3" orient="auto" markerUnits="strokeWidth"> <path d="M0,0 L0,6 L9,3 z" fill="#023047" /> </marker> </defs> </svg>
### Energy Conservation Principle \[ \text{Total Energy}_{initial} = \text{Total Energy}_{final} \] <svg width="400" height="180"> <!-- Two boxes representing energy states --> <rect x="30" y="50" width="150" height="80" fill="#ffb703" stroke="#fb8500" stroke-width="3" rx="10" ry="10" /> <text x="105" y="90" font-size="16" fill="#000">Initial Energy</text> <text x="105" y="120" font-size="14" fill="#000">(Kinetic + Potential)</text> <rect x="220" y="50" width="150" height="80" fill="#219ebc" stroke="#023047" stroke-width="3" rx="10" ry="10" /> <text x="295" y="90" font-size="16" fill="#fff">Final Energy</text> <text x="295" y="120" font-size="14" fill="#fff">(Thermal + Others)</text> <!-- Arrow --> <line x1="180" y1="90" x2="220" y2="90" stroke="#000" stroke-width="3" marker-end="url(#arrow)" /> <defs> <marker id="arrow" markerWidth="10" markerHeight="10" refX="5" refY="5" orient="auto" markerUnits="strokeWidth"> <path d="M0,0 L0,10 L10,5 z" fill="#000" /> </marker> </defs> </svg>
### Pendulum Energy Transformation <svg width="400" height="200"> <!-- Pendulum highest point --> <line x1="100" y1="20" x2="100" y2="140" stroke="#555" stroke-width="3" /> <circle cx="100" cy="20" r="15" fill="#fb8500" /> <text x="100" y="10" font-size="14" text-anchor="middle" fill="#000">High Potential Energy</text> <!-- Pendulum lowest point --> <line x1="250" y1="20" x2="250" y2="140" stroke="#555" stroke-width="3" /> <circle cx="250" cy="140" r="15" fill="#219ebc" /> <text x="250" y="160" font-size="14" text-anchor="middle" fill="#000">High Kinetic Energy</text> <!-- Arrows showing energy shift --> <path d="M115 20 Q180 80 235 140" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2" fill="none" marker-end="url(#arrow)" /> <defs> <marker id="arrow" markerWidth="10" markerHeight="10" refX="5" refY="5" orient="auto" markerUnits="strokeWidth"> <path d="M0,0 L0,10 L10,5 z" fill="#000" /> </marker> </defs> </svg>
### Energy Loss and Conversion <svg width="400" height="180"> <rect x="40" y="50" width="150" height="80" fill="#ffb703" stroke="#fb8500" stroke-width="3" rx="10" ry="10" /> <text x="115" y="90" font-size="16" fill="#000">Mechanical Energy</text> <rect x="210" y="50" width="150" height="80" fill="#8ecae6" stroke="#219ebc" stroke-width="3" rx="10" ry="10" /> <text x="285" y="90" font-size="16" fill="#000">Thermal Energy</text> <line x1="190" y1="90" x2="210" y2="90" stroke="#000" stroke-width="3" marker-end="url(#arrow)" /> <defs> <marker id="arrow" markerWidth="10" markerHeight="10" refX="5" refY="5" orient="auto" markerUnits="strokeWidth"> <path d="M0,0 L0,10 L10,5 z" fill="#000" /> </marker> </defs> </svg>
### Summary - **Energy cannot be created or destroyed.** - **Energy transforms between forms:** kinetic, potential, thermal, chemical, electrical, etc. - **Total energy in an isolated system is constant.** <svg width="300" height="100"> <circle cx="150" cy="50" r="40" fill="#219ebc" opacity="0.3" /> <text x="150" y="55" font-size="20" text-anchor="middle" fill="#023047">Energy Conservation</text> </svg>
### Practice Question If potential energy at the top = 500 J At bottom: **Kinetic Energy = ?** <div class="fragment"> **Answer: 500 J** </div> <svg width="400" height="150"> <circle cx="100" cy="50" r="30" fill="#ffb703" /> <text x="100" y="55" font-size="16" text-anchor="middle" fill="#000">Potential Energy = 500 J</text> <circle cx="300" cy="100" r="30" fill="#219ebc" /> <text x="300" y="105" font-size="16" text-anchor="middle" fill="#fff">Kinetic Energy = 500 J</text> <line x1="130" y1="50" x2="270" y2="100" stroke="#000" stroke-width="3" marker-end="url(#arrow)" /> <defs> <marker id="arrow" markerWidth="10" markerHeight="10" refX="5" refY="5" orient="auto" markerUnits="strokeWidth"> <path d="M0,0 L0,10 L10,5 z" fill="#000" /> </marker> </defs> </svg>
### Thank You! Keep exploring the amazing world of energy! <svg width="200" height="100"> <text x="100" y="50" font-size="24" text-anchor="middle" fill="#219ebc">Goodbye!</text> </svg>
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